Transposition

In music, transposition is moving a note or collection of notes up or down in pitch by a constant interval.
In mathematics, a transposition is a permutation which exchanges two elements and keeps all others fixed. For example (1 3) is a transposition which exchange 1 and 3. A transposition is a cycle of length two.
In cryptography, a transposition is an elementary cryptographic operation somewhat related to the mathematical permutations.
In genetics, a transposition is a mutation in which a chromosomal segment is transferred to a new position on the same or another chromosome.
In telecommunication, the term transposition has the following meanings:

In data transmission, a transmission defect in which, during one character period, one or more signal elements are changed from one significant condition to the other, and an equal number of elements are changed in the opposite sense.
In outside plant construction, an interchange of spatial positions of the several conductors of a cable between successive concatenated sections.

Note: Transposition is usually used to minimize inductive coupling and thus reduce interference in communications circuits.

Source: from Federal Standard 1037C and from MIL-STD-188

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