Education

Education encompasses teaching and learning specific skills, and also something less tangible but more profound: the imparting of knowledge, good judgement and wisdom. One of the fundamental goals of education is to impart culture across the generations (see socialization).

Contents

Overview

Education begins the minute a baby is born and continues throughout life. Some believe that education begins even before birth, as evidenced by some parents' playing music or reading to the baby in the womb in the hope it will influence the child's development. For some, the struggles and triumphs of daily life are far more instructive than formal schooling (thus Mark Twain's admonition to "never let school interfere with your education"). Family members have an educational effect which is quite profound—often more profound than they realize—though family teaching may be highly informal.

Formal education occurs when society makes a commitment to educate people, usually the young. Formal education can be systematic and thorough, but the sponsoring group may seek selfish advantages when shaping impressionable young scholars.

Life-long or adult education has become widespread. Many adults have given up the notion that only children belong in school. Many adults are enrolled in post-secondary education schools, both part-time and full-time, where they are often classified as "non-traditional students" in order to distinguish them administratively from young adults entering directly from high school.

Computers are an increasingly essential element in education, both as a tool for online education (a kind of distance education), and as a way for individual students to access lessons and materials easily via the Internet and CD-ROM.

Categories

Classical education – Reading – Math – Language – Science – Ethics – Physical education – Religious education– Music education– Environmental education

Challenges in education

In well-developed countries

  • The entertaining world distracting the student's attention
see Current issues in teaching
  • Program Evaluation Answering questions such as does education "work", or how to improve education.
  • The contradiction between compulsory education and nurturing the concept of personal freedom in Western society.
  • Over education and society's perception of it.
  • Over emphasis on exam results versus student driven discovery and exploration of subjects.(The sausage machine analogy).

In developing countries

  • Small incomes of teachers
  • People unaware of the importance of education
  • Economical pressure of parents who want their children to work as laborers
  • Program Evaluation
  • Due to globalization, increased pressure on students in curricular activities.
  • Removal of a certain percentage of students for improvisation of academics (usually practised in schools, after 10th grade).
  • Lack of good universities, low acceptance rate for good universities (usually in overpopulated countries).

Formal education

Early childhood education – Primary education – Secondary education – Tertiary education – Quaternary education– Higher education – Vocational education – Post-secondary education – University – College – School – Further education

Student activism

Student activism – Student-led school change – Student Developed Education Policy

Educational policy

Literacy – Testing & policy– Education reform – KERA – School choice – Charter schools – Meaningful student involvement – Student voice – Student Developed Education Policy – Social promotion

Informal and alternative education

Early instruction – Home schooling – Unschooling – Lifelong education – Democratic Schools – Alternative school – Montessori method – Waldorf school – Online education – Distance education – Museum – Planetarium – Nature center – deschooling– political education

Extracurricular education

United States Academic Decathlon – University Interscholastic League (UIL) – International science olympiad

Theory and methodology

Philosophy of education – Teaching method – Instructional theory – Learning theory – Learning disability – Instructional technology – Education Psychology – Behaviorism – Problem-based learning – Active learning – Outcome-based education – Reggio Emilia approach – Cooperative education – collaborative learning – Dalton Plan – Transformative learning – experiential education – Situated learning – Adult education – Critical pedagogy – Institutional pedagogy – Pastoral care
  • WikEd (http://moodle.ed.uiuc.edu/AskFactMaster.Com) is a MediaAskFactMaster.Com set up specificially for educators and education research.

Education by country

Education by country – List of colleges and universities by country

Education and parents

Biographies

External link




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