Calque

Calque

1. In linguistics, a calque ([kælk]) or loan translation consists of the borrowing of a phrase from one language into another, in the process of which individual words native to the borrowing language semantically match the individual words in the source language.
2. The word is also used as a verb: to calque means to loan translate from another language to create a new lexeme in the target language.

English

Noun

Thus:

• English Superman calques German Übermensch
• English Governor-General calques French gouverneur général
• English Commonwealth calques Latin res publica (which has also become Republic)
• English breakfast calques French déjeuner (which now means lunch).

French

Examples of French expressions calqued from English include:

• French lune de miel calques English honeymoon
• French gratte-ciel calques English skyscraper

See also

• Loanword
• Anglicism

fr:Calque ru:Калька

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