Events

• June 15 - King John of England forced to put his seal to Magna Carta, outlining the rights of landowning men (nobles and knights) and restricts the king's power.
• August - King John rejects Magna Carta leading to English civil war in the First Barons' War
• Beijing captured and burned by Mongols, initiating the Yuan Dynasty in China.
• Fourth Council of the Lateran.
• Otto IV deposed as King of Germany and Holy Roman Emperor, replaced by Frederick II (King 1212-1250).
• Mongol army led by Gengis Khan conquers Beijing

Births

• Kublai Khan
• Pope Celestine V

Deaths

Monarchs/Presidents

• England - John, King of England, Lord of Ireland, Duke of Normandy and Aquitaine, and Count of Anjou (ruled England 1167 - 1216)
• France - Philippe II, Auguste, King of France (1180 - 1223)
• Germany:
  • Otto IV, (King of Germany 1208 - 1215)
  • Frederick II, King of Germany (1212 - 1250), King of Sicily
• Holy Roman Empire:
  • Otto IV, King of Germany (1208 - 1215) and Holy Roman Emperor (1209-1215).
  • Frederick II (elected Emperor 1211, crowned 1220, died 1250), King of Germany, King of Sicily
• Holy See - Pope Innocent III (1198 - 1216)
• Mongol Empire - Genghis Khan, Mongol Khan (1206 - 1227)
• Venice - Pietro Ziani Doge of Venice (ruled 1205 - 1229)

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